FREE — INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

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Scan chains, ATPG, fault coverage, BIST, and boundary scan — the questions that test whether a chip can actually be tested after fabrication.

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DFT interviews focus on a different problem than functional design: not whether a chip works, but whether you can prove it works after it's been manufactured, at scale, cheaply.

This bank covers scan design, ATPG, fault modeling, and the built-in self-test and boundary scan concepts that show up in most DFT interviews.

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DFT interview questions by subtopic

Scan Design

Making internal flip-flops observable and controllable.

  • What is scan chain insertion, and how does it improve testability?
  • What's the difference between a scan flip-flop and a regular flip-flop?

ATPG

Automatically generating test patterns.

  • What does ATPG stand for, and what is its role in DFT?
  • What's the difference between deterministic and random pattern generation in ATPG?

Fault Models

How DFT abstracts real manufacturing defects.

  • What is a stuck-at fault, and how does it differ from a transition delay fault?
  • Why are bridging faults harder to model than stuck-at faults?

BIST

Letting the chip test itself.

  • What is Built-In Self-Test (BIST), and when is it preferred over external ATE testing?
  • What is a MISR, and what role does it play in BIST?

Boundary Scan (JTAG)

Testing connectivity at the board level.

  • What is JTAG, and what problem does boundary scan solve at the board level?
  • What are the main components of a JTAG TAP controller?

Test Coverage & Compression

Measuring and scaling test quality.

  • What is test coverage, and what's a typical industry target?
  • What is scan compression, and why is it needed for large designs?

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